This construction, using numerous parts-primarily found objects-was developed by Jay Green of New York City. In the 1960s, clubs made from plastic and wood were fabricated from plastic, wood and rubber. In either case, the main bodies of the clubs were slimmer than their American counterparts hence the reason for the terms European versus American clubs. In Europe, clubs were of a thinner design either fabricated using bodies made from cork or bamboo struts covered in fabric. At the turn of the century, Harry Lind and Ed Van Wyck made clubs entirely from wood in the style of the larger diameter Indian club. The first juggling clubs were fashioned from Indian clubs in the 1800s by juggler DeWitt Cook. Club swinging has been revived and incorporated into the routines of many jugglers-some doing entire swinging routines, others using moves within their club juggling routines. They were typically heavily weighted and used in pairs and swung in various patterns. Indian Clubs originated in India and were used for strength training. The phrase Indian Clubs is also sometimes used by non-jugglers looking for clubs-however, this term is not correct to describe clubs. The term juggling clubs is derived from Indian clubs, from which they evolved. The fact that they are sometimes stood up, as in the photos on this website, further suggests the bowling metaphor. This is most likely due to their resemblance to bowling pins-but this is about as far as the connection goes. TERMINOLOGY: Many non-jugglers and newcomers to juggling use the phrase juggling pins.
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